Gaza ha bisogno di te perché l'emergenza non è finita. Unisciti all'appello di X Factor al fianco di MSF per donare cure e aiuti a chi vive l'orrore della guerra. Salva una vita, dona ora.
Migranti in mare: operazioni di soccorso nel Mediterraneo
MSF sta salvando la vita delle persone che cercano di attraversare il Mediterraneo centrale con la nave di ricerca e soccorso Geo Barents. Tutti i soccorsi avvengono nel pieno rispetto del diritto marittimo internazionale, delle leggi internazionali e dei principi umanitari.
Nella maggioranza dei casi è l’MRCC a lanciare l’allerta se ci sono barconi in difficoltà. Nel frattempo, con l’uso di binocoli, l’equipaggio cerca imbarcazioni che possono trovarsi in difficoltà. È il centro di coordinamento a definire come e quando dobbiamo intervenire per effettuare il soccorso e in quale porto sicuro devono essere sbarcate le persone soccorse.
Subito dopo un soccorso, il nostro staff medico identifica le persone che hanno bisogno di cure immediate che vengono poi visitate nell’ambulatorio medico di bordo. Una volta che il paziente è stabilizzato, se si ritiene sia necessario un livello più elevato di cure mediche, è possibile organizzare un’evacuazione medica via elicottero o motoscafo in coordinamento con MRCC.
I casi non urgenti hanno di solito a che fare con infezioni del tratto respiratorio, malattie della pelle, dolori generali. I medici si trovano spesso a dover curare anche ustioni da carburante, causate della lunga esposizione alla miscela di carburante e acqua salata all’interno delle imbarcazioni sovraffollate. Le donne, in particolare le donne incinte, ricevono cure dedicate grazie alla presenza di ostetriche che hanno assistito a numerosi parti avvenuti a bordo.
Anche il primo supporto psicologico è una parte importante del nostro lavoro. Durante le consultazioni, i nostri operatori ascoltano storie terribili. Molte delle persone soccorse sono vittime di torture e altre forme di abusi. Molti dei nostri pazienti, donne e uomini, sono vittime di violenza sessuale.
L’accordo tra Italia e Libia (2017 – 2023)
Nel febbraio 2017, il governo italiano ha firmato un accordo sponsorizzato dall’UE con il governo libico: il Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Migration. Rinnovato nel 2020 per ulteriori tre anni, il protocollo si inserisce in una più ampia strategia difensiva perseguita dai governi europei, basata su un approccio di sicurezza nei confronti dei migranti: invece di dare protezione ai migranti, cerca di tenerli fuori.
Nell’ambito di questo accordo, l’Italia e l’UE hanno aiutato la Guardia Costiera libica a rafforzare la propria capacità di sorveglianza marittima, fornendo loro supporto finanziario e mezzi tecnici. Dal 2017 l’Italia ha stanziato 32,6 milioni di euro per missioni internazionali a sostegno della Guardia costiera libica, con 10,5 milioni di euro stanziati nel 2021.
Sebbene l’Italia avesse negoziato con l’ex leader libico Gheddafi per frenare l’immigrazione e reprimere le operazioni di contrabbando nel corso degli anni 2000, questo è stato il primo accordo di esternalizzazione che i due paesi hanno firmato dallo scoppio della guerra civile libica.
Decreto-legge del 2023 e decreto-Cutro
A gennaio 2023è entrato in vigore in Italia un nuovo Decreto-Legge. Tra le altre regole, il governo italiano richiede alle navi di soccorso civile di dirigersi immediatamente in porto dopo ogni salvataggio, il che implica di ignorare altre chiamate di soccorso in mare. Ciò contraddice l’obbligo del capitano di prestare assistenza immediata alle persone in difficoltà.
Questa parte del decreto è la prassi che spinge ad assegnare “porti lontani” – molto più a nord del porto sicuro più vicino – che richiedono diversi giorni aggiuntivi di navigazione.
Oltre al primo decreto-legge del 2023, il decreto-Cutro, elaborato all’indomani della strage, non affronta le cause effettive che costringono le persone a fare viaggi sempre più pericolosi in assenza di vie legali e sicure. Anzi riduce la possibilità di protezione, minaccia con la detenzione chi sopravvive, riduce i diritti dei richiedenti asilo, introduce nuove misure di inammissibilità, facilita le espulsioni, aumenta le procedure accelerate di frontiera, espone migliaia di persone migranti alla condizione di irregolarità.
Misure che hanno il chiaro obiettivo di dissuadere e impedire gli sbarchi sulle coste italiane, anche se il prezzo da pagare sono le vite delle persone. Il recente accordo tra Italia e Albania si muove esattamente in questa direzione.
MSF Italia is part of a global network delivering medical aid where it is needed most. Independent. Neutral. Impartial.
We firmly believe that the internet should be available and accessible to anyone, and are committed to providing a website that is accessible to the widest possible audience, regardless of circumstance and ability.
To fulfill this, we aim to adhere as strictly as possible to the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1) at the AA level. These guidelines explain how to make web content accessible to people with a wide array of disabilities. Complying with those guidelines helps us ensure that the website is accessible to all people: blind people, people with motor impairments, visual impairment, cognitive disabilities, and more.
This website utilizes various technologies that are meant to make it as accessible as possible at all times. We utilize an accessibility interface that allows persons with specific disabilities to adjust the website’s UI (user interface) and design it to their personal needs.
Additionally, the website utilizes an AI-based application that runs in the background and optimizes its accessibility level constantly. This application remediates the website’s HTML, adapts Its functionality and behavior for screen-readers used by the blind users, and for keyboard functions used by individuals with motor impairments.
If you’ve found a malfunction or have ideas for improvement, we’ll be happy to hear from you. You can reach out to the website’s operators by using the following email
Screen-reader and keyboard navigation
Our website implements the ARIA attributes (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) technique, alongside various different behavioral changes, to ensure blind users visiting with screen-readers are able to read, comprehend, and enjoy the website’s functions. As soon as a user with a screen-reader enters your site, they immediately receive a prompt to enter the Screen-Reader Profile so they can browse and operate your site effectively. Here’s how our website covers some of the most important screen-reader requirements, alongside console screenshots of code examples:
Screen-reader optimization: we run a background process that learns the website’s components from top to bottom, to ensure ongoing compliance even when updating the website. In this process, we provide screen-readers with meaningful data using the ARIA set of attributes. For example, we provide accurate form labels; descriptions for actionable icons (social media icons, search icons, cart icons, etc.); validation guidance for form inputs; element roles such as buttons, menus, modal dialogues (popups), and others. Additionally, the background process scans all the website’s images and provides an accurate and meaningful image-object-recognition-based description as an ALT (alternate text) tag for images that are not described. It will also extract texts that are embedded within the image, using an OCR (optical character recognition) technology. To turn on screen-reader adjustments at any time, users need only to press the Alt+1 keyboard combination. Screen-reader users also get automatic announcements to turn the Screen-reader mode on as soon as they enter the website.
These adjustments are compatible with all popular screen readers, including JAWS and NVDA.
Keyboard navigation optimization: The background process also adjusts the website’s HTML, and adds various behaviors using JavaScript code to make the website operable by the keyboard. This includes the ability to navigate the website using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys, operate dropdowns with the arrow keys, close them with Esc, trigger buttons and links using the Enter key, navigate between radio and checkbox elements using the arrow keys, and fill them in with the Spacebar or Enter key.Additionally, keyboard users will find quick-navigation and content-skip menus, available at any time by clicking Alt+1, or as the first elements of the site while navigating with the keyboard. The background process also handles triggered popups by moving the keyboard focus towards them as soon as they appear, and not allow the focus drift outside it.
Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements.
Disability profiles supported in our website
Epilepsy Safe Mode: this profile enables people with epilepsy to use the website safely by eliminating the risk of seizures that result from flashing or blinking animations and risky color combinations.
Visually Impaired Mode: this mode adjusts the website for the convenience of users with visual impairments such as Degrading Eyesight, Tunnel Vision, Cataract, Glaucoma, and others.
Cognitive Disability Mode: this mode provides different assistive options to help users with cognitive impairments such as Dyslexia, Autism, CVA, and others, to focus on the essential elements of the website more easily.
ADHD Friendly Mode: this mode helps users with ADHD and Neurodevelopmental disorders to read, browse, and focus on the main website elements more easily while significantly reducing distractions.
Blindness Mode: this mode configures the website to be compatible with screen-readers such as JAWS, NVDA, VoiceOver, and TalkBack. A screen-reader is software for blind users that is installed on a computer and smartphone, and websites must be compatible with it.
Keyboard Navigation Profile (Motor-Impaired): this profile enables motor-impaired persons to operate the website using the keyboard Tab, Shift+Tab, and the Enter keys. Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements.
Additional UI, design, and readability adjustments
Font adjustments – users, can increase and decrease its size, change its family (type), adjust the spacing, alignment, line height, and more.
Color adjustments – users can select various color contrast profiles such as light, dark, inverted, and monochrome. Additionally, users can swap color schemes of titles, texts, and backgrounds, with over seven different coloring options.
Animations – person with epilepsy can stop all running animations with the click of a button. Animations controlled by the interface include videos, GIFs, and CSS flashing transitions.
Content highlighting – users can choose to emphasize important elements such as links and titles. They can also choose to highlight focused or hovered elements only.
Audio muting – users with hearing devices may experience headaches or other issues due to automatic audio playing. This option lets users mute the entire website instantly.
Cognitive disorders – we utilize a search engine that is linked to Wikipedia and Wiktionary, allowing people with cognitive disorders to decipher meanings of phrases, initials, slang, and others.
Additional functions – we provide users the option to change cursor color and size, use a printing mode, enable a virtual keyboard, and many other functions.
Browser and assistive technology compatibility
We aim to support the widest array of browsers and assistive technologies as possible, so our users can choose the best fitting tools for them, with as few limitations as possible. Therefore, we have worked very hard to be able to support all major systems that comprise over 95% of the user market share including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Opera and Microsoft Edge, JAWS and NVDA (screen readers).
Notes, comments, and feedback
Despite our very best efforts to allow anybody to adjust the website to their needs. There may still be pages or sections that are not fully accessible, are in the process of becoming accessible, or are lacking an adequate technological solution to make them accessible. Still, we are continually improving our accessibility, adding, updating and improving its options and features, and developing and adopting new technologies. All this is meant to reach the optimal level of accessibility, following technological advancements. For any assistance, please reach out to